Financial Analysis

Business Combinations Acquisition of Pacific Premier On August 31, 2025, Columbia completed its acquisition of Pacific Premier, which was wholly acquired in an all-stock transaction valued at $2.4 billion. On September 1, 2025, Pacific Premier's wholly owned banking subsidiary, Pacific Premier Bank, merged with and into Columbia Bank. Pursuant to the acquisition agreement, each share of Pacific Premier common stock was exchanged for 0.9150 of a share of Columbia common stock. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed have been accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. Fair value estimates were based on information available as of the acquisition date. As of December 31, 2025, the initial accounting for deferred taxes remains preliminary, as the tax returns have not yet been finalized. Accordingly, the deferred taxes recognized in the financial statements have been provisionally determined and may be adjusted during the measurement period, which ends no later than one year from the acquisition date. Fair value determinations required significant estimates and assumptions, including discount rates, expected cash flows, and market conditions and are inherently subjective. Management believes the preliminary estimates are reasonable; however, refinements may occur as additional information becomes available. (in millions, shares in thousands) Shares of Columbia common stock issued to Pacific Premier Stockholders 87,632 Columbia's market price per common share (i …

BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

"Commitments and Contingencies and Related-Party Transactions Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk The Company's financial statements do not reflect various commitments and contingent liabilities that arise in the normal course of the Bank's business and involve elements of credit, liquidity, and interest rate risk. The following table presents a summary of the Bank's commitments and contingent liabilities: (in millions) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Commitments to extend credit $ 11,927 $ 10,078 Forward sales commitments $ 74 $ 77 Commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale $ 39 $ 46 Standby letters of credit $ 427 $ 216 The Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet credit risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve elements of credit and interest-rate risk similar to the risk involved in on-balance sheet items. The contract or notional amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of the Bank's exposure in particular classes of financial instruments. The Bank's exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees written, is represented by the contractual notional amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same …

CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Employee Benefit Plans Employee Savings Plan Substantially all of the Company's employees are eligible to participate in the Columbia Bank 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan, a defined contribution and profit sharing plan sponsored by the Company. Employees may elect to contribute a portion of their salary to the plan in accordance with Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. At the discretion of the Board of Directors, the Company may make matching and/or profit sharing contributions based on profits of the Bank. In 2025, in connection with the Company's acquisition of Pacific Premier, the Company assumed a 401(k) plan covering former employees of Pacific Premier. At December 31, 2025, the 401(k) plan was active but closed to new participants and will be merged with the Columbia Bank 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan in 2026. The Company's contributions to the Columbia Bank 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan and the 401(k) plan acquired in connection with the acquisition of Pacific Premier charged to expense amounted to $14 million, $14 million, and $21 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. Employee Stock Purchase Plan The Company maintains an ESPP in which substantially all employees are eligible to participate in 2025, except for employees who joined through the Pacific Premier acquisition. Employees who joined through the Pacific Premier acquisition will become eligible to enroll in the ESPP beginning with the 2026 plan year. The ESPP prov …

CompensationAndEmployeeBenefitPlansTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Borrowings The Company had secured advances from the FHLB as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 with carrying values of $3.2 billion and $3.1 billion, respectively. The following table presents selected information for outstanding borrowings for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024: (in millions) 2025 2024 FHLB Advances Balance at end of period $ 3,200 $ 3,100 Average balance during period $ 2,830 $ 2,431 Maximum month end balance during period $ 3,375 $ 3,100 Weighted average rate at December 31 4.0 % 5.0 % Weighted average rate during period 4.4 % 5.2 % The FHLB advances have fixed rates ranging from 3.85% to 4.06% and are set to mature in 2026. The FHLB requires the Bank to maintain a required level of investment in FHLB and sufficient collateral to qualify for secured advances. The Bank has pledged as collateral for these secured advances all FHLB stock, all funds on deposit with the FHLB, investment and CRE portfolios, accounts, general intangibles, equipment and other property in which a security interest can be granted by the Bank to the FHLB. Total value of loans and securities pledged to the FHLB were $27.0 billion as of December 31, 2025. Prior to March 2024, the Bank had access to borrowings under the FRB BTFP, which was subject to certain collateral requirements, namely the amount of pledged investment securities. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the maximum outstanding month end balance of borrowings under the FRB BTFP was $1.6 billion and the average outst …

DebtDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

The following table presents the Company's sources of non-interest income for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023: (in millions) 2025 2024 2023 Non-interest income: Service charges on deposits Account maintenance fees $ 57 $ 46 $ 38 Transaction-based and overdraft service charges 27 26 28 Total service charges on deposits 84 72 66 Card-based fees 58 57 55 Financial services and trust revenue 35 20 13 Total revenue from contracts with customers 177 149 134 Non-interest income within the scope of other GAAP topics 121 62 70 Total non-interest income $ 298 $ 211 $ 204

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Fair Value Measurement The following table presents estimated fair values of the Company's financial instruments as of the dates presented, whether or not recognized or recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the Consolidated Balance Sheets: December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 (in millions) Level Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Financial assets: Cash and cash equivalents 1 $ 2,380 $ 2,380 $ 1,878 $ 1,878 Equity and other investment securities (1) 1,2 82 82 78 78 Investment securities available for sale 1,2 11,112 11,112 8,275 8,275 Investment securities held to maturity 3 18 19 2 3 Loans held for sale 2 262 262 72 72 Loans and leases, net (2) 2,3 47,310 47,126 37,256 35,690 Residential mortgage servicing rights 3 99 99 108 108 Derivatives 2 84 84 109 109 Financial liabilities: Deposits 2 54,211 54,197 41,721 41,707 Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 2 207 207 237 237 Borrowings 2 3,200 3,201 3,100 3,102 Junior subordinated debentures, at fair value 3 338 338 331 331 Junior and other subordinated debentures, at amortized cost 3 97 100 108 104 Derivatives 2 179 179 281 281 (1) Excludes equity investments of $31 million that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient as of December 31, 2025. (2) Loans and leases, net are classified as level 3, with the exception of loans originated as held for sale and transferred into loans held for investment of $78 million and $169 million as of …

FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the total acquisition price paid over the fair value of the assets acquired, net of fair value of liabilities assumed in connection with mergers and acquisitions. In 2025, the Company recorded $453 million of goodwill associated with the acquisition of Pacific Premier. Additional information on the acquisition and purchase price allocations is provided in Note 2 Business Combinations . The Company performed its annual impairment assessment as of October 31 and concluded that there was no impairment. As of December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, it was determined there were no events or circumstances which would more likely than not reduce the fair value of our reporting unit below its carrying amount. The following table presents the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill: (in millions) Goodwill Balance, December 31, 2024 $ 1,029 Acquisitions and adjustments 453 Balance, December 31, 2025 $ 1,482 Core deposit intangible assets values were determined based on the present value of the expected cost savings attributable to the core deposit funding relative to an alternative source of funding. In 2025, the Company recorded $355 million of core deposit intangibles associated with the acquisition of Pacific Premier. The intangible assets are being amortized on an accelerated basis over a period of 10 years. No impairment losses have been recognized in the periods presented. The following table summarizes other in …

GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Income Taxes and Investment Tax Credits The following table presents the components of income tax provision for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023: (in millions) 2025 2024 2023 Current expense: Federal $ 91 $ 115 $ 72 State 33 39 37 Total current tax expense $ 124 $ 154 $ 109 Deferred tax expense: Federal $ 45 $ 21 $ 7 State 9 10 6 Total deferred tax expense 54 31 13 Total provision for income taxes $ 178 $ 185 $ 122 All pretax income from continuing operations for the periods presented was generated in domestic jurisdictions; the Company did not earn any foreign pretax income. As such, the Company had no foreign income tax expense from continuing operations. Certain income tax disclosures included herein are reflective of the adoption of ASU 2023-09 and are intended to align with the enhanced transparency requirements of the standard upon adoption. The following table presents a reconciliation of income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate to the actual effective rate for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023: 2025 2024 2023 (in millions) Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent US Federal Statutory Tax Rate $ 153 21.0 % $ 151 21.0 % $ 99 21.0 % State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax effect (1) 30 4.1 % 39 5.4 % 25 5.4 % Tax credits (31) (4.2) % (20) (2.7) % (16) (3.5) % Nontaxable or nondeductible items Tax-exempt interest income (12) (1.6) % (9) (1.2) % (10) (2.2) % Non-deductible FDIC premiums 7 1.0 % 7 1.0 % 8 1.7 % …

IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Operating Leases The Company leases branch locations, corporate office space, and equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. Liabilities to make future lease payments are recorded in other liabilities, while right-of-use assets are recorded in other assets on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table presents the balance sheet information related to leases as of December 31, 2025 and 2024: (in millions) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Leases Operating lease right-of-use assets $ 154 $ 111 Operating lease liabilities $ 166 $ 126 The following table presents the weighted-average operating lease term and weighted-average discount rate as of December 31, 2025 and 2024: December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) 5.4 5.8 Weighted-average discount rate 4.17 % 4.23 % The following table presents the components of lease expense for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023: (in millions) Lease Costs 2025 2024 2023 Operating lease costs $ 37 $ 33 $ 37 Short-term lease costs 1 1 1 Sublease income (2) (3) (3) Net lease costs $ 36 $ 31 $ 35 The Company performs impairment assessments for ROU assets when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying values may not be recoverable. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, there were no ROU asset impairments. For the year ended December 31, 2023, there were $3 million in ROU asset impairments recorded in other expenses. The impairments were …

LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

"Application of New Accounting Guidance Standard Description Effective Date Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures The amendments are intended to provide more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The ASU requires annual disclosure of the rate reconciliation of specific categories as well as additional information related to the reconciliation of certain items that meet a quantitative threshold and further disaggregation of income taxes paid. Fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company retrospectively adopted the guidance on January 1, 2025 for annual reporting purposes. Refined disclosures are included herein. Significant Accounting Standards Issued but Not Yet Adopted Standard Description Effective Date Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters ASU Update 2025-11 Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements The amendments in this Update refine interim reporting under ASC 270 by clarifying applicability to entities issuing a full set of GAAP-compliant interim financial statements, consolidating disclosure requirements from various topics into a single location, and introducing a principle requiring disclosure of material events occurring since the prior annual period. The guidance improves na …

NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Revenue from Contracts with Customers The Company records revenue when control of the promised products or services is transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those products or services. All of the Company's revenue from contracts with customers in the scope of ASC 606 is recognized in non-interest income. For additional information, see Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The following table presents the Company's sources of non-interest income for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023: (in millions) 2025 2024 2023 Non-interest income: Service charges on deposits Account maintenance fees $ 57 $ 46 $ 38 Transaction-based and overdraft service charges 27 26 28 Total service charges on deposits 84 72 66 Card-based fees 58 57 55 Financial services and trust revenue 35 20 13 Total revenue from contracts with customers 177 149 134 Non-interest income within the scope of other GAAP topics 121 62 70 Total non-interest income $ 298 $ 211 $ 204 …

RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Segment Reporting The Company has one operating and reportable segment based on the products and services offered, primarily banking operations as well as the operations, technology, and administrative functions of the Bank and Holding Company. The Company primarily derives revenue from banking operations by providing consumer and residential real estate loans, commercial lending products, deposit products, and treasury and wealth management services. The Company's primary market areas are in Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Texas, Utah, and Washington and it manages the business activities on a consolidated basis. The accounting policies of the Bank are the same as those described in Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The Company's CODM is the Chief Executive Officer. The CODM evaluates performance and makes decisions regarding the allocation of operating and capital based on consolidated net income, as reported on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The CODM also reviews total consolidated assets, as reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, as a measure of segment assets. The CODM uses consolidated net income to evaluate income generated from segment assets in making decisions about the allocation of operating and capital resources. Consolidated net income is also used by the CODM to monitor budget versus actual results and in competitive analysis by benchmarking to the Company's competitors. The competitive analysis along with th …

SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Stock Compensation Stock-based awards are eligible for issuance under the Companys Incentive Compensation Plan to executives, directors, and key employees. The 2024 Equity Incentive Plan was approved by shareholders and authorized the issuance of up to 7.5 million shares as equity compensation. The 2024 plan replaced the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, which ceased to grant awards as of that date. The plan authorizes the issuance of RSAs, RSUs, and performance unit awards. As of December 31, 2025, there were 5.9 million shares available for future issuance. Total compensation cost related to restricted shares of Company stock granted to employees is included in salaries and employee benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Income and the income tax benefit or deficiency related to the vesting of RSUs and RSAs is recorded as income tax expense or benefit in the period the shares are vested. The following table presents such share-based compensation expense and tax benefit for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023: (in millions) 2025 2024 2023 Share-based compensation expense $ 32 $ 18 $ 14 Tax benefit $ 7 $ 4 $ 4 The Company's restricted stock plans provide for the payment of withholding taxes by tendering previously owned or recently vested shares. Restricted shares cancelled to pay withholding taxes totaled 378,000, 285,000, and 261,000 shares during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. In connection with the Pacific Premier acquisition, …

StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Business Combinations Acquisition of Pacific Premier On August 31, 2025, Columbia completed its acquisition of Pacific Premier in an all-stock transaction valued at $2.4 billion. On September 1, 2025, Pacific Premier's wholly owned banking subsidiary, Pacific Premier Bank, National Association, merged with and into Columbia Bank. Pursuant to the acquisition agreement, each share of Pacific Premier common stock was exchanged for 0.9150 of a share of Columbia common stock. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed have been accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. Fair value estimates were based on information available as of the acquisition date and are considered preliminary as of September 30, 2025. These preliminary estimates, including the initial accounting for deferred taxes, may be revised during the measurement period, which ends no later than one year after the acquisition date. Adjustments may occur as additional information becomes available regarding facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date. Fair value determinations required significant estimates and assumptions, including discount rates, expected cash flows, and market conditions and are inherently subjective. Management believes the preliminary estimates are reasonable; however, refinements may occur as additional information becomes available. (in millions, shares in thousands) Shares of Columbia common stock issued to Pacific Premier Stockholders 87,632 Columbia's market …

BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

"Commitments and Contingencies Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk The Company's financial statements do not reflect various commitments and contingent liabilities that arise in the normal course of the Bank's business and involve elements of credit, liquidity, and interest rate risk. The following table presents a summary of the Bank's commitments and contingent liabilities: (in millions) September 30, 2025 December 31, 2024 Commitments to extend credit $ 11,577 $ 10,078 Forward sales commitments $ 82 $ 77 Commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale $ 59 $ 46 Standby letters of credit $ 354 $ 216 The Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet credit risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve elements of credit and interest-rate risk similar to the risk involved in on-balance sheet items. The contract or notional amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of the Bank's exposure in particular classes of financial instruments. The Bank's exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees written, is represented by the contractual notional amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making com …

CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Borrowings The Bank's FHLB advances were $2.3 billion as of September 30, 2025, as compared to $3.1 billion at December 31, 2024. The FHLB advances have fixed interest rates ranging from 4.12% to 4.52% and all mature in 2025. The FHLB requires the Bank to maintain a required level of investment in FHLB and sufficient collateral to qualify for secured advances. Refer to Note 4 Loans and Leases for further information on loans pledged as collateral for borrowings. …

DebtDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Fair Value Measurement The following table presents estimated fair values of the Company's financial instruments as of the dates presented, whether or not recognized or recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets: September 30, 2025 December 31, 2024 (in millions) Level Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Financial assets: Cash and cash equivalents 1 $ 2,343 $ 2,343 $ 1,879 $ 1,879 Equity and other investment securities 1,2 112 112 78 78 Investment securities available for sale 1,2 11,013 11,013 8,275 8,275 Investment securities held to maturity 3 18 18 2 3 Loans held for sale 2 340 340 72 72 Loans and leases, net (1) 2,3 47,989 46,715 37,256 35,690 Restricted equity securities 1 119 119 150 150 Residential mortgage servicing rights 3 101 101 108 108 Derivatives 2,3 88 88 109 109 Financial liabilities: Deposits 2 55,771 55,759 41,721 41,707 Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 2 167 167 237 237 Borrowings 2 2,300 2,300 3,100 3,102 Junior subordinated debentures, at fair value 3 331 331 331 331 Junior and other subordinated debentures, at amortized cost 3 107 108 108 104 Derivatives 1,2,3 194 194 281 281 (1) Loans and leases, net are classified as level 3, with the exception of loans originated as held for sale and transferred into loans held for investment of $76 million and $169 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, which are classified as level 2. Fair Value of Assets and …

FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the total acquisition price paid over the fair value of the assets acquired, net of fair value of liabilities assumed in connection with mergers and acquisitions. In the third quarter of 2025, the Company recorded $452 million of goodwill associated with the acquisition of Pacific Premier. Additional information on the acquisition and purchase price allocations is provided in Note 2 Business Combinations . The following table presents the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill: (in millions) Goodwill Balance, December 31, 2024 $ 1,029 Acquisitions and adjustments 452 Balance, September 30, 2025 $ 1,481 Core deposit intangible assets values were determined based on the present value of the expected cost savings attributable to the core deposit funding relative to an alternative source of funding. In the third quarter of 2025, the Company recorded $355 million of core deposit intangibles associated with the acquisition of Pacific Premier. The intangible assets are being amortized on an accelerated basis over a period of 10 years. No impairment losses have been recognized in the periods presented. The following table summarizes other intangible assets as of the dates presented: (in millions) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount September 30, 2025 $ 1,065 $ (311) $ 754 December 31, 2024 $ 710 $ (226) $ 484 Amortization expense recognized on intangible assets was $31 million an …

GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

"Income Taxes and Investment Tax Credits The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, as well as in the majority of states. The Company acquired a $94 million net deferred tax asset before purchase accounting adjustments in the acquisition of Pacific Premier, including $3 million of federal and state NOL. The acquisition triggered an ""ownership change"" as defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code and the Company is evaluating the effects. However, the Company believes it is more likely than not that it will be able to fully realize the benefit of its federal and state NOL and tax carryforwards and has not provided a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had a net deferred tax asset of $392 million, which includes $5 million of federal and state NOL carry-forwards that will begin to expire in 2027. The Company recorded income tax expense of $111 million and $136 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, representing effective tax rates of 24.9% and 25.8%, respectively. The effective tax rates differed from the statutory rate principally because of state taxes, non-deductible compensation, non-deductible FDIC assessments, and income on tax-exempt investment securities and loans. The change to the effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding period in the prior year, was primarily at …

IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

"Application of New Accounting Guidance Standard Description Effective Date Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures The amendments are intended to provide more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The ASU requires annual disclosure of the rate reconciliation of specific categories as well as additional information related to the reconciliation of certain items that meet a quantitative threshold and further disaggregation of income taxes paid. Fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted the guidance on January 1, 2025 for annual reporting purposes. Refined disclosures will be included in the 2025 10-K. Significant Accounting Standards Issued but Not Yet Adopted Standard Description Effective Date Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters ASU No. 2025-07 Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Derivatives Scope Refinements and Scope Clarification for Share Based Noncash Consideration from a Customer in a Revenue Contract The amendments refine the scope of derivative accounting under ASC 815 by introducing a scope exception for certain contracts linked to the operations or activities of one of the parties to the contract. It also clarifies the guidan …

NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Segment Reporting The Company has one operating and reportable segment based on the products and services offered, primarily banking operations as well as the operations, technology, and administrative functions of the Bank and Holding Company. The Company primarily derives revenue from banking operations by providing consumer and residential real estate loans, commercial lending products, deposit products, and treasury and wealth management services. The Company's primary market areas are in Oregon, Washington, California, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, Colorado, and Utah and it manages the business activities on a consolidated basis. The accounting policies of the Bank are the same as those described in Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company's CODM is the Chief Executive Officer. The CODM assesses performance and decides how to allocate resources based on consolidated net income that is reported on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The measure of segment assets is total consolidated assets which is reported on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The CODM uses consolidated net income to evaluate income generated from segment assets in making decisions about the allocation of operating and capital resources. Net income is used to monitor budget versus actual results. The CODM also uses co …

SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing

Subsequent Event On October 29, 2025, Columbias Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program for up to $700 million of the Company's common stock. Repurchases under this program may be executed in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, including under Rule 10b5-1 plans. The timing and exact amount of common share repurchases will be at the discretion of senior management and subject to various factors, including, without limitation, Columbias capital position, financial performance, market conditions, and regulatory considerations. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any specific number of shares and may be suspended, modified, or terminated at any time by the Board of Directors. The authorization is effective through November 30, 2026. …

SubsequentEventsTextBlock · excerpt; the full note is in the filing